10 Tips to Quickly Grasp Solidity Programming Language Concepts

Solidity is one of the best programming languages for writing Smart Contracts.

❌But some concepts could be more beginner-friendly.

✅Below are 10 tips to grasp some concepts fast in a matter of minutes

A thread (with visuals).

↓ pic.twitter.com/yYYT3Fi9FU

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

Solidity Contract

A Solidity contract is similar to a class in OOP.

It contains:

· data in state variables that are at a specific address on the Ethereum blockchain.

· functions to modify the variables.

On creation, its constructor (if it exists) is executed once. pic.twitter.com/oyf1ybJ76W

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

Events in Solidity

One of my favorite Solidity features is how events are simply and effectively implemented.

3 Steps:

1. you declare the event (using the event keyword).

2. you fire the event (emit).

3. you handle the event with JS on the frontend. pic.twitter.com/jbyw2fn5A5

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

ERC-20 Token Smart Contract

It's one of the most essential smart contract standards.

It's used for smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain for fungible token implementations. pic.twitter.com/qNA8PsHzTw

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

Reserved Keywords

These are the currently reserved keywords in Solidity

A reserved keyword is a word that cannot be used as an identifier (e.g. variable name). pic.twitter.com/Ao94bNNJto

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

Function Types

The type of function, which is declared after the params, defines who can access it:
· the contract itself
· the contracts deriving from it
· the external contracts

Types:
· private
· internal
· external
· public

The default type is internal. pic.twitter.com/T1CCtcuF9q

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

View & Pure Functions

Functions can be declared as view or pure.

VIEW:
· ensure to not modify the state.
· Getter methods are view functions by default.

PURE:
· ensure to not read/modify the state.
· can use the revert/require functions if an error occurs. pic.twitter.com/ccvmFzksLL

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

MSG Global Variable

MSG VARIABLE contains properties to access the blockchain.

· msg.sender: message sender.

· msg.value: Wei sent with msg.

· msg.gas: remaining gas.

· msg.sig: calldata's first 4 bytes.

· msg. data: complete calldata. pic.twitter.com/2CZ47J3YSo

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

State and Local Variables

· State Variables:
Values are permanently stored in contract storage.

· Local Variables:
Values are present till the function is in execution.

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

Require

It makes the function stop executing and throw an error if some condition is not true.

You can also pass a message that will be used when the error is thrown.

It turns complex boilerplate logic into something simple and understandable. pic.twitter.com/vPvBuVzQhJ

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023

Block global variable.

In Solidity, global variables are used to access important properties for objects in the blockchain.

One of these is "block".

Its values are:

· basefee

· chainId

· coinbase

· difficulty

· number

· timestamp

-gaslimit pic.twitter.com/G571l7pu4V

— Francesco (@FrancescoCiull4) June 13, 2023